The Arizona House of Representatives has unanimously passed HB 2116, a bill designed to strengthen the state’s ability to defend its share of Colorado River water. The legislation, which advanced with strong support through both the House Natural Resources, Energy and Water Committee and the Appropriations Committee, now moves to the Arizona Senate for consideration.
Arizona’s major cities such as Phoenix and Scottsdale depend on water supplied by the Central Arizona Project (CAP). Ongoing negotiations over the future of the Colorado River have led officials from Upper Basin states to suggest that CAP deliveries should be reduced before they accept any cuts themselves. This stance comes despite their legal obligations under the 1922 Colorado River Compact, which requires them to deliver minimum flows to Lower Basin states including Arizona.
“We must ensure a safe and reliable water supply for our residents,” said Representative Pamela Carter. “If other states refuse to honor the Compact, we have to be ready to defend our rights in court. HB 2116 ensures Arizona is not caught flat-footed if negotiations fail and litigation becomes unavoidable. I voted yes to protect our water supply, families, jobs, and future.”
The Colorado River Litigation Fund was established by the Arizona Legislature in 2025 as a measure to prepare for possible court disputes over water apportionment. Forecasts indicate that Upper Basin states may not meet their delivery commitments in coming years. The bill includes a $1 million appropriation that would only be used if legal action is necessary.
“No one wants to go to court over water, but ignoring the risk of litigation would be irresponsible,” said Representative Matt Gress. “This funding gives Arizona the ability to defend itself and its rights if the Governor fails to reach a fair agreement. When the water supply of millions of Arizonans and our state’s economy are on the line, every step we take in preparation matters.”
Carbone was elected as a Republican representative for Arizona’s 25th House District in 2023 after replacing Michelle Udall.
